Cabrillo College Library

Propaganda

Misinformation

Disinformation

Information from volunteers


Find background info

Find books (including electronic books)

Google

Videos and images

MLA

How to get to this page on the Internet

name______________________________________________

To get to this page on the Internet

  1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage <http://libwww.cabrillo.edu>
  2. Click on Internet Links (over on left), then on English
  3. Scroll down, and under Course-Related, click on English 2, Composition and Critical Thinking, Jonker.

Rules of the road for today's class: 1. You can take notes on this sheet, or open a Word document and take notes that way. 2. Most of what you find today you can email to yourself. If you need to print, just limit yourself to 20 pages or so.

Data -> Information -> Knowledge

Knowledge is information that we have thought about and understand. Knowledge is assembled from information resources. In connecting, analyzing, interpreting, and finding patterns within pieces of information, knowledge builds understanding. For the individual person, knowledge involves both understanding, and the ability to make use of data and information to answer questions, solve problems, and make decisions.

Propaganda

We always hope that information is accurate. But information can be collected within conceptual frameworks that influence or change its meaning.

Propaganda: The systematic propagation of information or ideas by an interested party, especially in a tendentious way in order to encourage or instil a particular attitude or response. -- Oxford English Dictionary 2d ed.

With so many information resources available in today's world, excellent resources reside alongside the most dubious. Be aware of the where your information came from. Some helpful approaches:

  • If you're selecting periodical articles: Know the distinction between magazines and journals. Magazines are written for broad audiences; most are popular. Journals are written for academic audiences. Articles in journals are peer-reviewed -- authors submit articles and juries of their peers decide whether they are good enough to get published. Most periodical databases offer ways of limiting to peer-reviewed articles.

  • If there's an organization involved: Research the organization -- Use a large periodicals database, like Academic Search Premier, or a newspaper database like Proquest Newspapers.

  • Out on the Web: Find out who bought the domain name -- Suppose I found something posted about disasters in Muslim countries, and I wanted to know more about the origin of that information: what kind of an organization was sponsoring this Web site? Many times you can go to NetworkSolutions WHOIS database to find out who bought that domain name, and that clarifies things. An example: IsAmericaSafe.com

  • You can check for information about various nonprofits at places like Charity Navigator and Give.org
Misinformation

Misinformation is information that is wrong or mistaken. Remedy: fact check!

Out on the Internet, especially in emails, misguided people sometimes pass along misinformation that represents urban legends. You can check out Internet Hoaxes at a Department of Homeland Security Web site || Snopes.com unravels urban legends.

Disinformation

Disinformation is misinformation with an attitude. Disinformation is false, mistaken, and/or misleading information that is distributed to intentionally mislead.

The Internet makes it very easy to disseminate propaganda, misinformation, and disinformation. The Hate Directory lists Web sites, blogs, mailing lists and so forth that do this. Then there are Web sites that are "just for fun." For example a Web site for the country of Molossia. Whitehouse.net is a spoof. More spoofs.

Information from volunteers

Wikipedia articles are written by volunteers. Some people judge that Wikipedia is too liberal, and these folks have founded Conservapedia (aimed at high school students and homeschoolers). Then there is RationalWiki.com (which keeps an eye on Conservapedia). And many other incarnations.

Hoping to mend all this is Citizendium.com -- where article authors are named, and there are editors.

IF YOU ALREADY KNOW WHAT DISASTER YOU'RE GOING TO WRITE ABOUT

Newspapers One approach is to find commentary and analysis published in newspapers and magazines about the disaster at the time of the disaster and after. To do that:

1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage
2. Click on Full Text Articles (second icon down on left)
3. Under News (over on the right) select

  • Historical New York Times if your disaster occurred prior to 2004 (this database covers the New York Times 1851-2004)
  • Proquest Newspapers covers 5 major newspapers (New York Times, Washington Post, Wall Street Journal, Christain Science Monitor, and Los Angeles Times) from about 1990 to the current time
Disaster When occurred Where to look for newspaper coverage
Chernobyl Disaster 1986 Historical New York Times
Crisis in Darfur 2003 - present day Proquest Newspapers

What did you find? _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Periodicals

1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage
2. Click on Full Text Articles (second icon down on left)
3. Click to select Academic Search Premier or MasterFILE Premier -- these are the largest
4. Click to go to .
5. Click to limit your search to full text articles:

You can limit to particular time period. You can limit to a particular type of material, e.g., editorials, as in this search for Vietnam coverage over the period 1970 through 1976:

You can also limit your search to particular periodical titles, which might be interesting if you want commentary from a periodical known for its slant. To do that, change the search field to Source, e.g.,

Some well-known news and opinion magazines and their "slants" (according to Magazines for Libraries):

from the left from the right
Dissent -- "social, political, and cultural commentary from a decidedly left-wing perspective" Human Events -- "considered a leading conservative publication"
Nation -- "one of the most openly left-wing publications National Review -- "news and opinion from a conservative perspective"
Z Magazine -- "publishes opinion and news coverage from a liberal perspective" Weekly Standard -- "invites you to join the vast right-wing conspiracy"

For getting "off shore," you might try looking for articles from these highly respected British resources

  • Contemporary Review -- "notable for its objectivity and balanced approach to political and social issues"
  • Economist -- "well respected and authoritative"
  • Guardian Unlimited -- "topics receive scrutiny from uncompromising writers" On the Web.

Once you find articles, you can email them to yourself.

What did you find? _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

IF YOU DON'T ALREADY KNOW WHAT DISASTER YOU'RE GOING TO WRITE ABOUT

These Web sites list disasters:

The largest worldwide databases for tracking disasters:

Once you decide what disaster you are going to focus on, then go to the previous sections of this worksheet and look for newspaper and periodical articles about it.

Analysis and commentary

Organizations that are likely to have information about and likely some analysis of disasters. Most of these sites will
have search boxes where you can type in search terms.

Find background information

Use CQ Researcher

1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage
2. Click on Full Text Articles (second icon down on left)
3. Click on CQ Researcher (under General, top left)

To bring up the CQ Research article to read, you may need to hold down the Ctrl key when you click in order in disable the popup blocker on the computer.

What did you find? _______________________________________________

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Another good source of background information is RAND Corporation Type your topic into their search box
(top right of the screen), e.g.,

What did you find? _______________________________________________

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Find books.


1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage

2. Click on Library Catalog

Books are often on broader topics. Selected titles that might be of interest:

After the Storm: Black Intellectuals Explore the Meaning of Hurricane Katrina, edited by David DanteTroutt.
New York: New Press, 2006. E185.615 .A594 2006

Fragile Earth: Views of a Changing World, by the editors of Collins. Harper Collins, 2006. GB5014.F73 2006

One with Nineveh: Politics, Consumption, and the Human Future, by Paul and Anne Ehrlich. Island Press, 2004.HC79.E5E354 2004

Plan B 2.0: Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble, by Lester R. Brown. New York: Norton, 2006. HC79.E5B7597

State of the World, by the Worldwatch Institute. New York: Norton. Library has most annual volumes 1986-2007. HC59.S734

Technology, Humans, and Society: Toward a Sustainable World, by Richard C. Dorf. Academic Press, 2001. HC79.E5D67 2001

Worldchanging: A User's Guide to the 21st Century, ed. by Alex Ateffen. New York: Abrams, 2006. HC79.E5W676 2006

Your notes_____________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

The library now has about 15,000 electronic books (soon to be 18,000). The amazing thing is that you can search inside those books. To get to the electronic books:

1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage
2. Click on Full Text Articles (second icon down on left)
3. Click to select NetLibrary E-Books

To get a sense of what is possible, try searching using the words disasters poverty

What did you find? _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Using Google to search the Web

Google now does what it calls a universal search -- it searches a variety of its databases and returns results alerting you when there is interesting stuff in more than one.

Here, I did a Web search, but Google tells me that not only are there Web sites that might interest me, but there is also information in periodical articles (Scholar) and in books.

In using Google, you can limit your search to resources from particular Web sites. Let's say you want commentary about Katrina from The Urban Institute (left-learning) to compare with commentary from the American Enterprise Institute (right-leaning). You do this by including the word site: (with the colon) then the URL for the organization (no space after the colon). For example:

fair.org (Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting) is a 20 year old organization that many people trust for its judgments about media matters. It has a list of think-tanks and their political learnings, the primary ones of which are:

Think tank Position URL
American Enterprise Institute Conservative aei.org
Brookings Institution Centrist brookings.edu
Council on Foreign Relations Centrist cfr.org
Cato Institute Conservative/Libertarian cato.org
Center for Public Integrity Progressive publicintegrity.org
Heritage Foundation Conservative heritage.org
Urban Institute Center-Left urban.org

Try some Google searches.

What did you find? _______________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Tired of using Google? Try Ask.com and Exalead.com. Both of them suggest ways you can narrow and expand your topic.

Videos and Images

TV and Video access

  • Blinkx The largest collection of video, often from television and news programs
  • CurrentTV This is Al Gore's project -- Look for Natural Disasters as a topic, or click here
  • LinkTV Particular good from shows from the Middle East
  • MediaScrape Worldwide
The Web is rich in images. You'll want to feel comfortable in bringing an image from the Web into a Word document.

Go to one of the following sites and select an image.

  1. Bring up Word if you don't already have it started   START -> Programs -> Word
  2. Go back to your image. Right click on it. Scroll down to Copy
  3. Go to your Word document. Position your cursor to where you want your image to be. Paste the picture (File -> Paste; or, use Ctl V)

If you copy and include the image in something you write, the origin of the image should be acknowledged. At the minimum, give the title of the Web site and the complete URL (you can just copy and paste the URL into your Word document -- highlight the URL, then Ctrl C to copy and Ctrl V to paste).

Style Guides

How to cite the resources you use

  1. Be on the Cabrillo College Library homepage
  2. Click on Internet Links
  3. Then click on Style Guides

The MLA Formatting and Style Guide from Purdue University is very helpful

 

If you finish a little early, all of the computers in the classroom have Google Earth. Go to START -> Programs -> Google Earth. Wow!

To get to this page on the Internet

  1. Go to the Cabrillo College Library homepage http://libwww.cabrillo.edu
  2. Click on Internet Links (third icon down, on left)
  3. Click on English
  4. Under Course-Related Materials (towards the bottom), click on ENGL 2, Composition and Critical Thinking, G. Jonker

G. Jonker, T. N. Smalley Fall 2007